Nuts

Research summary

• Nut consumption is supported by several large prospective cohorts, including the Nurses' Health Study, Adventist Health Study, and a Swedish national cohort, along with a systematic umbrella review, all showing associations between regular nut intake and lower cardiovascular disease risk and mortality.
• These findings are consistent across different populations and countries, which strengthens confidence in the association.
• As with other dietary observational research, causal certainty is inherently limited by study design, and nut consumers may differ from non-consumers in other health behaviors, but the volume and consistency of large, independent cohort evidence make this one of the better-supported food-specific associations in this dataset.